Sugar Free Trials

Yesterday was my last day at the assisted living facility I've been working at, but not the end of cooking for seniors. I am keeping my job at the bakery instead, not only because I prefer it, but because it will better prepare me for a future as a pastry chef in a very upscale and snazzy old folks home. We specialize in gluten-free and vegan desserts, as well as the tasty originals, techniques I did not learn in culinary school, and things that will prove to be very valuable in my specialized industry.

But the biggest thing is sugar free baking, something I am just starting to explore, both in the bakery and at home.

Last night, after my last day, I started a new first. My first experimental recipe using xylitol instead of sugar. My boss, and bakery owner, is excited to also start experimenting with xylitol, and since I am the head (and only) baker, I get to do all the recipe development.

My first trial, using things I had on hand (since I didn't want to run out the the grocery store, again), ended up being a loaf of banana bread/cake. I adapted it from a recipe in the only known xylitol cookbook, Sweeten Your Life the Xylitol Way by Karen Edwards (available on amazon), for Banana Cake, baked it late last night, and tried the first slice this morning for breakfast. Not too bad for my first try! And it is definitely sweet.

I will share all my trial sugar free recipes, whether they use xylitol, stevia or no substitute. I doubt I will be experimenting with the harsher chemical sugar substitutes such as aspartame (Equal and NutraSweet), and try to stick with a natural approach.

Xylitol can be substituted for sugar, 1:1. It will not caramelize or feed yeast, but is otherwise a very useful and easy alternate. I have read that xylitol is very deadly to dogs, more so than chocolate, so be very careful to keep your stash and xylitol baked goods away from your K-9 pals!

Banana Loaf Cake
adapted from Sweeten Your Life the Xylitol Way by Karen Edwards

2/3 cup whole wheat flour
1/2 teaspoon baking soda
pinch of salt
1 tablespoon + 1 teaspoon butter, melted
1/2 cup mashed ripe banana (about one medium-large banana)
2 tablespoons + 2 teaspoons plain yogurt
1/2 teaspoon vanilla extract
1 egg, seperated
1/2 cup xylitol

1. Combine flour, baking soda and salt in a bowl and set aside.
2. In another bowl, mix together the melted butter, mashed banana, yogurt, vanilla and egg yolk.
3. In a large bowl, beat the egg white with electric mixer until soft peaks form, then add the xylitol and beat until peaks are stiff but not dry.
4. Gradually fold dry ingredients into beaten egg whites alternately with banana mixture, and stir just until batter is smooth.
5. Pour into and spread evenly in a greased 8" x 4" loaf pan, and bake at 350 degrees F for 15-20 minutes, until a toothpick inserted in center comes out clean. Cool completely. 
6. Store at room temperature in an airtight container.

Chocolate Strawberries (and cream)

I've mentioned before how fruit is always a big hit, be in canned or fresh or frozen, made into a sauce, a dessert, atop a salad, or standing alone. We always have tons on hand, in every form, from frozen berries, fresh melons, pineapples, strawberries, grapes and citrus fruits, to a dried assortment and canned cranberries and mandarin orange segments.

I try to incorporate fruit into my desserts and salads as much as possible, and always serve fresh oranges and grapefruit with breakfast. I tend to do the same thing over and over again: spinach salad with halved grapes, sliced strawberries, feta cheese, candied pecans and balsamic vinaigrette. Strawberry shortcake (an all-time favorite), berry crisp, black-bottomed banana cake, lemon bars...

But yesterday we had these gorgeous strawberries, bright red, perfect size, shape, sweet and juicy- I wanted to showcase their beauty and flavor, without serving them naked and alone. I decided to serve them dipped or drizzled with chocolate with some fresh soft whipped cream. So simple, so easy, and I've never gotten so many compliments on a dessert.

When the residents saw "chocolate strawberries" on the menu, a lot of them asked what that meant, or asked "chocolate strawberry what?" Chocolate strawberry nothing. Many noted how beautiful they looked, and all commented on how wonderful they tasted. One resident told me she had heard of covering strawberries with chocolate, but never actually had it- I was shocked to hear that someone had not tried these before, but then I heard it several more times. Even my pickiest resident, who is always telling me how awful food my food was (even when she's the only one that thinks so) went out of her way to tell me the afternoon dessert was lovely. That it was such a simple idea, and yet no one had ever served it before.

So if for some reason, the seniors in your life have not tried chocolate dipped strawberries, please do something about it immediately. Spring is here, berries are starting to pop up (not that you can't get anything, anytime these days), and fresh strawberries covered in chocolate and served with a cool fresh whipped cream, slightly sweetened with sugar and vanilla are a wonderful light (but rich) and elegant dessert.

In case you're not sure how, here are the basics:

Fresh strawberries, washed and dried

Chocolate for melting (such as chocolate chips)

Whipping Cream

Powdered sugar (about 1/2 cup per 2 cups cream)

Vanilla (about 1 teaspoon per 2 cups cream)

Melt your chocolate over a double boiler, you might want to add a little cream for smoothness. Dip your clean dry strawberries in the chocolate, roll around or use a spoon to coat all the way up the the green stem. Place on a baking sheet covered with wax or parchment paper to set. Once all are coated, put in fridge. Whip your cream, sugar and vanilla to very soft peaks. Serve together!

(I often sprinkle the still wet chocolate strawberries with finishing salt, or drizzle with stripes of melted white chocolate for garnish)

Peanut Butter Chocolate Banana Cake

Is there a better combination than banana, chocolate and peanut butter?

I've been craving peanut butter and bananas recently, and I've settled for just smearing fresh bananas with the creamy goodness. But my new job at the bakery has left me wanting to make cake all the time, surprisingly enough. So when I got to work this morning and saw all the bananas, I decided on Banana Cake with Peanut Butter Frosting.

I went to open the fridge and saw a batch of chocolate frosting I had made the previous weekend, and was initially bummed I hadn't yet thought of a way to use it.

While the residents were going over the menu, one mentioned that peanut butter in frosting did not sound good. I told her that I had some extra chocolate and I could frost her piece with that instead, but that peanut butter and bananas are delicious together. She said that was true, and that she'd give it a try.

Once again, my chocolate frosting goes unused. I leave it out at room temperature, just in case.

It was not until the cakes are out of the oven and my peanut butter icing is made that I decide to use the chocolate. I used it as the filling between the two layers of cake, then frosted the outside with the peanut butter, and garnished with chocolate chips to tie it all together.

Yummmmm!

Banana Cake

makes 4 8'' cake rounds, or 2 finished cakes

ingredients:

1/2 cup butter

1/2 vegetable oil

1 cup water

2 1/4 cup flour

2 cups sugar

1 teaspoon salt

2 eggs

1 teaspoon vanilla

1/3 plain yogurt

1 1/2 teaspoons apple cider vinegar

1/2 cup whole milk (minus 1 1/2 teaspoons- I put the apple cider vinegar in the measuring cup, then fill it up to the 1/2 cup mark with milk)

3 large bananas, pureed in a blender

preparation:

Preheat oven to 350 degrees F. Line 4 8-inch round cake pans with parchment paper and spray lightly with cooking spray.

If you haven't already, combine apple cider vinegar, vanilla and milk together to curdle.

Melt butter in small saucepan with oil and water.

Sift and combine flour, sugar, salt and baking soda in the bowl on an electric stand mixer fitted with the paddle attachment. Turn on low speed to mix.

Slowly pour melted fat mixture into bowl with paddle running at low speed. Scrape bowl and paddle, mix again briefly.

Combine the curdled milk mixture with the eggs and yogurt, and pour into mixer, running at low speed.

Scrap down sides of bowl, add banana and mix again, just to combine thoroughly. (Do not over-mix- this will form gluten and make your cake tough.)

Divide evenly amongst your 4 pans, place in pre-heated oven and bake for about 20-25 minutes, until a toothpick inserted near middle comes out clean.

When cool, un-mold and place one round on a plate, slather with chocolate frosting and stack on the next layer. Frost the entire cake with peanut butter frosting, decorate as you wish. Repeat with second cake.

 Frostings

I didn't follow a recipe or write one down for the frosting. They are easy to make up as you go.

For peanut butter, I used equal parts butter and peanut butter (about 1 cup each), and mixed until smooth, then added a teaspoon of vanilla, and powdered sugar until the desired consistency and flavor was reached.

For chocolate- same thing, just no peanut butter, add about 1/2 cocoa powder, and a few teaspoons of milk

Mashed Potatoes...and Gravy

In culinary school I learned the correct way to prepare pomme purée. Apparently it was such an important skill to master that they had us practice nearly every day, for weeks. It was a major component of our first exam. We had to cut the correct amount, in weight, of potatoes in even pieces, boil for the correct amount of time (in properly salted water), drain and dry before mashing. And we didn't mash them with a potato masher or stick them in a KitchenAid, we sent them through a food mill or tamis. They were smoother than baby food. Somewhere in there we'd mix them with (a measured amount of) hot cream and cold cubed butter, season and mix again, gently- so as not to form gluey potatoes, but enough so everything was evenly incorporated, and perfectly smooth, perfectly creamy, with the perfect balance of cream and butter, salt and white pepper.

I can appreciate this. It was our chef instructor's job to teach us to make everything perfect, everytime. But no one spends this much time on mashed potatoes- whatever you call them. I have worked in plenty of restaurants, and even the fancy ones rough chop their potatoes and boil the hell out of them, drain, stick in a huge electric mixing bowl, turn the motor on and add cream (usually straight from the carton) and butter.

I work with old people. They're no food critics- okay that's not entirely true. They have very strong opinions. And they will tell me exactly what they think. But they want good comfort food, like they used to make when they had kitchens, food their parents and grandparents used to make. They don't want pomme purée, perfectly creamy and seasoned. Many of them watch their sodium intake, some of them think pepper (be it white or black) is too spicy.

So I make it simpler for them. I am usually crunched for time, and I often make these on a weekly basis. I took some basic techniques and tips from the gureling weeks of preparing pomme purée in class, but I don't follow the teachings like the law. I peel and chop the potatoes up first thing, and as fast as I can, not worrying too much about their size. Put the cut potatoes into cold water right away so they don't oxidize and turn brown- this happens very quickly. Always start in cold water. I usually cut them straight into the pot I will be boiling them in, heavily salted, and leave it on the stove. I don't turn the heat on until about an hour before lunch service, that will give them a good 20-30 minutes to simmer away, and not have to be held hot too long. I put a pot of cream on the stove to heat up (it keeps the potatoes from cooling down), and wait. We have a KitchenAid at work, but it only has one speed: fast. I don't want hot potatoes all over the kitchen, so I use a good old fashioned hand masher (we don't have a food mill, potato ricer or tamis). I drain the soft potatoes in a colander, put them back in the empty, but still hot, pot they cooked in, and mash away. I add my butter, usually in cold cubes, then the hot cream, and some salt to taste. Occasionally I'll add roasted garlic, if I thought ahead of time and roasted some, or garlic powder- because it's easy and the old folk love it.

How ever I make it, I will get protests if it is not served accompanied with gravy. It doesn't matter what else goes on the plate- meatloaf, pan-seared chicken breasts, fish- they must have their gravy. This sometimes presents a problem. Gravy is a pan sauce made from the drippings of whatever animal you've cooked. I rarely have drippings to use. So I make the easiest cheater gravy ever. I would never admit this to my culinary classmates or instructors, but out in the field you have to find something that works. The residents love this "gravy," it's rich and thick and creamy. More of a béchemel sauce with chicken or beef flavor- actually that's exactly what it is.

I heat up some milk, usually a small pot full. I always have pre-made roux on hand (equal parts butter and flour, by weight, melted in a pot and cooked for a little bit, stirring constantly, until fragrant and nutty, and no longer tastes like raw starch). Once the milk is nice and hot, I add some roux and better than bouillon, to taste and whisk until thick and flavorful. Often I must readjust the amounts, more roux if it's not thick enough, more milk if it's too thick, more flavor, and I add crushed black pepper and freshly ground nutmeg, it give it a speckled from-scratch look.

When service comes, my residents are never disappointed by my mashed potatoes or gravy. I serve the mashers with a scoop (which I was told never to do in school, because it looks "so institutional") and press in a small ladle-full of gravy. It's the perfect amount for their small appetites, and it looks just right, considering where we are.

Date Topped Brownies

Now, this making two daily desserts business is not an easy feat. I have to be creative and try new ideas (that don't always work) and keep coming up with new ones. I don't like to do the same dessert twice, even if they love it. I will eventually, but I don't want to get stuck in a rut where I keep baking the same things from my little stockpile of pastries. So I am building a binder, my pastry arts binder, meticulously organized, of all desserts I have tried and that were successes. There are recipes from culinary school, from my grandma, things I've tried at home, and every recipe that has won a victory at work. So onto to the successful experiment of date brownies- who just made it into my binder.

I found dates at work in the dried fruit box. I had already used the dried cranberries, raisins, cherries... So I tasted a date. I'm not sure if I had ever had one before, but this blew my mind. It was a heavenly shriveled up lump of sweetness, and I had to use it.

I usually would use my little iPhone screen to look up recipes, but I didn't have time. It was already 7:00 AM, and the menu goes out by 7:30- and I had breakfast items to prepare. I quickly searched around, saw the cocoa powder, remembered there was some left-over chocolate frosting I was suppose to use, and decided on brownies. At that point I had not decided whether I was going to put them inside or just on top- but I had something to put on the menu.

I would have called these "date brownies," but then the assumption might have been that they are a healthier brownie version- made with "date sugar," and they are not. I'm sure that would be great though, and there are many diabetics amongst the elderly, so I will try (someday) and get back to you with that recipe as well.

Date Topped Brownies

brownies:
1/2 cup vegetable oil
1 cup sugar
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
2 eggs
1/2 cup flour
1/3 cup cocoa powder
1/4 teaspoon baking powder
1/4 teaspoon salt
(1/2 cups chopped dates)
frosting:
2 3/4 cups confectioners' sugar
6 tablespoons cocoa powder
6 tablespoons butter, at room temperature
5 tablespoons evaporated milk
1 teaspoon vanilla extract
Dates for topping (1 per brownie)

Preheat oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit.
Grease a 9x9 inch baking pan.
Mix together oil, sugar and vanilla, then beat in the eggs.
Combine flour, cocoa powder, baking powder and salt, then stir into sugar mixture.
Stir in chopped dates, if using.
Spread into prepared pan, and bake 20-25 minutes.

Meanwhile, prepare the frosting:
Mix together the cocoa powder and confectioners' sugar.
Cream the butter with an electric mixer until smooth, then gradually add sugar mixture alternately with evaporated milk.
Add vanilla, then beat until light and fluffy. Consistency may be adjusted with more milk or sugar.

When brownies are cooled, cut into squares, frost and top each with a whole date.

Enjoy with your favorite seniors!

Chicken Lemon Rice Soup

My mother always made this when someone in our family was sick. When I first moved out, I didn't live too far away, so everytime I got sick, I'd just go stay with her and she'd make it for me. It wasn't until recently that my boyfriend and I moved halfway across the country, and when one of us got sick, and I finally asked for her recipe.

It's soup, not an exact recipe (more like guidelines). So you can add more of this and less of that if you want. And play with it. I use leftovers sometimes, when I have rice I need to use, or chicken carcasses, I'll make home made stock, which is so much richer, but when someone gets sick, and I don't have anything to use, I'll make it from scratch. It's become a favorite at home, as well as with the elderly (who are often sick). It's a feel-better soup.

Chicken Lemon Rice Soup

2 chicken breasts, cut into bite-sized cubes
vegetable oil or butter
1 small yellow onion, small diced
6 cups chicken broth
3 tablespoons lemon juice
1 cup rice (uncooked)
1 medium carrot, shredded (or small diced)
salt and pepper
dried parsley

Season and cook chicken pieces until done, set aside.
Sweat the onions, until translucent, in a small amount of vegetable oil or butter and salt. (If dicing the carrot, add now).
Add stock and lemon juice and bring to a simmer.
Add rice, and simmer until rice is cooked through, about 20 minutes.
Add shredded carrots, chicken and dried parsley.
Season to taste.

Starch

Starch: No meal is complete without it

I always thought my first job in assisted living was the best, revolutionary even. I had the idea that all facilities and homes served pre-made packaged and frozen foods. And most of them do. But Fairhaven Estates was different. They hired real cooks and made foods from scratch. Sure we had white cake mix that we'd use- adding cocoa powder or flavored extracts to change the flavor- frozen fish fillets, and a few other items, but almost everything was handmade. We peeled and diced and boiled the potatoes for mashed potatoes and potato salad, we scrubbed the skins for baked potatoes, we washed the little red guys for herb roasted red potatoes, we sliced them thin for scalloped, julienned for fries...  But all we had were potatoes. Everyday. We might have a great entree, fried chicken (with potatoes), baked ham (with potatoes), pot roast (with potatoes), but always (with potatoes). We had the occasional sweet potato fries, and even mashed sweet potatoes (along with mashed potatoes) for Thanksgiving feasts, but that's it. Potatoes.

I did ask my boss why once, he said most of the residents hated rice and spaghetti (they called any form of pasta spaghetti, regardless of shape). I took it as truth and forgot about it- quickly learning how to prepare potatoes every way, and just as quickly deciding I hated them.

I still believed it, up until my current job. I had almost forgotten about other starches, even ones I prepared at home but that didn't register in my brain for one reason or another. Then I encountered the "starch" box at work. My head chef keeps everything very organized; if you are looking for nuts in dry storage, check the nut box, flour- check the grain box. The potatoes (and sweet potatoes) are in a large box on the bottom shelf. But ah... the starch box. Polenta, long grain white rice, arborio rice, wild rice, brown rice, quinoa, bulgur, barley, millet, wheat berries... the list goes on. Next to the starch box, and closely related, we have the pasta box- filled to the brim with all shapes of noodles- spaghetti, lasagna, couscous, cavatappi, egg noodles, elbow macaroni, shells.... All avaliable to prepare and serve with the entree (or soup, or salad, or even dessert).

And the residents love it. They don't want potatoes all the time either! They are still human beings with the same (though slightly weaker) taste buds! Yes- potatoes can be yummy, and seniors do love them, but not everyday.

I totally understand the distaste for spaghetti (the actual spaghetti, angle hair, capellini, linguine and other long pastas)- the long awkward shapes, hard for trembling hands to swirl onto a fork, that slide too easily down your throat, before chewing, and can be hazardous. I myself have choked on spaghetti more times than I'd like to recall. But there are so many pasta shapes! I really like to use the short, flat, wide egg noodles- they have a unique flavor and are both easy to pick up and to eat- great for Stroganoff and casseroles, plus, I always use them when I make chicken noodle soup.

I think a lot of elderly residents dislike rice for the same reason, not that it's hard to swallow, but that it is harder to pick up with a fork. It also tends to get everywhere, so serving in a bowl might make clean-up easier. Risotto is an option too- it sticks together, making it much easier to pick up, and it's creamy and flavorful.

Of all the many grains, I have had the best luck with polenta. It's thick, creamy, and soft, and can be seasoned many ways. The residents love it; it sticks together, sticks to their utensils, stays on their plates (not the floor), is easy to chew (though not necessary) and easy to swallow, and just plain delicious. I usually stir in hot cream and Parmesan cheese at the end, or sauteed onions, mushrooms and thyme ( also one of my favorite risotto combinations). You can prepare it with water or a flavorful stock- just don't forget the salt!

Whatever starches you choose to accompany your meals,  be sure to use a variety. Be open to new breeds and try new recipes. And don't forget about the potato!

24-Hour Salad

This is my grandmother's recipe; Grandma Joan makes 24-hour salad for every special occasion, and always has. I think it is just the most awful creation ever (except maybe for a similar version my father's wife's grandmother makes- with peas!) It's one of those things I would put on my plate at Christmas and scoot under the other left-overs to make it look like I had eaten it. Everyone from my parents generation and younger feels the same way. I never would have imagined in a million years that I'd be asking for the recipe.

With that being said...

I work with old people. And I worked this Christmas, and I wanted to make a special meal. So I called up my grandma and asked her for this recipe. Boy did they love it! I had compliments left and right, "I haven't had this salad for years!" and "I wish we had things like this more often!"

So here it is, Grandma Joan's 24-Hour Salad...

(I never use the almonds, and neither does grandma, but when she passed on the recipe, it was in there. I've also had a hard time finding white cherries, so I use red, which are prettier anyways)


24-Hour Salad
Courtesy of Grandma Joan


ingredients:
2 cups white cherries (Royal-Ann, pitted & halved )
2 cups diced pineapple
2 cups quartered orange sections
2 cups quartered marshmallows (or mini)
1/4 lb. almonds, blanched and chopped (optional)
2 eggs
2 Tbsp sugar
1/4 cup light cream
2 Tbsp lemon juice    
1 cup heavy cream, whipped   
1 tsp gelatin

procedure: 

Combine well-drained fruit, marshmallows and nuts if using.

Soften 1 tsp gelatin in small amount of the fruit juice, set aside. 

Beat eggs until light; gradually add sugar, cream and lemon juice.  Mix thoroughly and cook over a double boiler until smooth and thick, stirring constantly. Mix in gelatin. Cool, then fold in whipped cream.  Pour over fruit mixture and mix lightly.   

Chill for 24 hours.